I have not seen this before, this likely seems to be something new with Debian 13. The specific error
libmwblas.so: cannot enable executable stack as shared object requires: Invalid argument
indicates it cannot execute the blas linear algebra library. From searching this error, it seems it might be possible to grant permission to execute running
sudo apt install execstack
sudo execstack -c /home/*user*/Apps/Engineering/Precise_Simulation/MATLAB_Runtime/v97/bin/glnxa64/libmwblas.so
But it might also not work. In the long run the new Python frontend will make the Matlab runtime optional and not necessary anymore.
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/2174492-issue-with-matlab-install-ibmwfoundation_crash_handling-so-cannot-enable-executable-stack-as-sharePlease do update, if and how you get it to work.